Improved process of manufacturing delaines



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN MARLAND, on WEST BRID GEWATER, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVED PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING DELAINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 15,703, dated September9, 1856. 7

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN MARLAND, of West Bridgewater, in the county ofPlymouth and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and improvedmethod of preparing and working wool for the manufacture of delaines andother similar fabrics, of which the following is a full, clear, andexact description.

Yarn spun from carded wool, owing to the knots and other impuritieswhich still remain in it, and which are never entirely eradicated by thecard, are destitute of that evenness of size and uniformity of texturenecessary to render it fit for the manufacture of thin andhighly-finished fabrics. On this account it becomes necessary to,manufacture such .goods of worsted yarn, which is spun from combed wooland possesses the desired evenness and uniformity. These fabrics,however, when manufactured entirely of worstedyarn, owing to thestraightnessand parallelism of the fibers, have a harshness of feel and.of the other. I

My process may be employed either for the purpose of extracting andutilizing a portion of the wool heretofore left in the noil after thelonger fibers are taken out by combing; or it may be applied toshorter-stapled Wool, nearly the whole of which may thereby be renderedavailable for the manufacture of soft and even yarn. c

,To enable others skilled in the art to understand my invention, I willproceed to describe the manner in which I have carried it out.

Where long-stapled wool is employed, the

longest fibers are combed out for the production of worsted yarn,and alarge portion of the shorter wool remains behind in the noil, and

I with it is devoted to the manufacture of fabrics of an inferiorquality. To render available this is withdrawn, I subject the noil to asecond draft, with rollers placed much nearer to the comb-teeth thanthose'which withdraw the long fibers, by which means this shorter stapleis drawn out and freed entirely from knots, the impurities and veryshort and tangled fibers only remaining behind as noil. The straightened and combed wool thus obtained by this second draft is now submittedto the second step of my process, which consists in carding it upon anyordinary carding-engine, and from the sliver thus produced anexceedingly fine and uniform yarn may be spun, which at the same timepossessesthe softness and pliancy of yarn manufactured of carded wool,and the evenness and uniformity of thread possessed by worstedyarn. Thesame result follows where a short-staple wool is operatedupon. I11 suchcase it is first combed upon'any ordinary combing machine, the drawingrolls being placed, as before, so near to the comb-teeth as to Withdrawall thefibers of a length which it is desirable to extract, the veryshort fibers and the impurities only remaining in the comb as noil. asbefore, passed through an ordinary cardingengine, and the yarn spun fromthe resulting sliver, as in the former case, is at the, same time softand even.

By the above-described process of treating wool a yarn is produced of aquality superior to any before manufactured, at the same time that agreat economy of material is effected, as a lower grade of wool may beemployed to produce the same size of yarn; or where very long-staplewool is used, the longest fibers may be extracted for the manufacture ofworsted,

and a large amount of the fiber heretofore al-. lowed to remain in thenoil utilized and employed in the finest fabrics.

What I claim as myinvention, and desire to secure by Lettefs Patent, is

The within-described method of operating JOHN MARLAND.

Witnesses:

SAM. COOPER, P. E. TESOHEMAOHER.

The fibers thus extracted are then,

